Aesthetics research

PMID: 42891685

Aesthet Surg J. 2026 Oct 17:sjag189. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjag189. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a widely used biostimulatory injectable for face and body rejuvenation. Although uncommon, nodule formation secondary to PLLA injection remains one of the most challenging complications of PLLA treatment. Inconsistent terminology and variable management approaches have resulted in uncertainty regarding diagnosis and treatment, leading to unpredictable outcomes.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop international expert consensus recommendations for the clinical classification, prevention, and management of PLLA-associated nodules.

METHODS: An international multidisciplinary panel of experienced aesthetic clinicians with expertise in PLLA treatment and complication management was convened to develop consensus recommendations for the classification, prevention, and management of PLLA-associated nodules based on the available literature and collective clinical experience.

RESULTS: The panel developed a practical clinical classification distinguishing noninflammatory and inflammatory nodules, together with recommendations for prevention, diagnosis, and management. A practical treatment algorithm was produced to support clinical decision making.

CONCLUSIONS: These international expert consensus recommendations provide clinicians with a pragmatic, simple-to-follow, evidence-informed framework for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of PLLA-associated nodules in routine aesthetic practice.

PMID: 42875032

Aesthet Surg J. 2026 Oct 15;46(11):1164-1167. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjag045.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID: 42864448

Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2026 Oct 13;30(1):161. doi: 10.1007/s10006-026-01651-4.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Oral and maxillofacial reconstruction restores anatomical continuity and function after tumor resection, trauma and congenital deformity, yet patients frequently remain affected by fibrosis, scar tethering, impaired oral competence, asymmetry and altered dynamic facial function. These deficits can impair quality of life, social interaction and body image. Conventional revision surgery carries additional morbidity, and minimally invasive options have emerged as a postoperative adjunct. This article reviews how minimally invasive aesthetic and regenerative medicine can extend reconstructive rehabilitation in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

METHODS: Current biological and clinical evidence for polynucleotides (PN), hyaluronic acid (HA) and botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) was reviewed and integrated with selected, non-consecutive illustrative cases from a dedicated aesthetic and regenerative consultation in an academic oral and maxillofacial surgery department. Clinical applications were illustrated across four patient categories: oncological, congenital, trauma/scar and aesthetic-functional sequelae after surgery.

RESULTS: In illustrative cases from different categories, a staged approach of tissue conditioning, structural restoration and dynamic neuromodulation was associated with clinically observed and patient-reported improvements in scar pliability, tissue gliding, oral competence, dynamic symmetry and quality of life. PN were used primarily for regenerative tissue conditioning, HA for reversible structural restoration, and BoNT-A to modulate muscular imbalance and pathological wound tension. As interventions were frequently combined and no validated outcome measures or controls were used, these observations are hypothesis-generating.

CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive regenerative and aesthetic treatment may serve as a functional extension of reconstruction rather than a cosmetic adjunct. The central concept is not volumisation, but restoration of tissue quality, dynamic balance and facial function. Prospective studies using validated functional, scar and patient-reported outcome measures are required to define its role in modern oral and maxillofacial surgery.